public String helloName(String name) {
  return "Hello " + name + "!"; 
}


public String makeOutWord(String out, String word) {
  String firstpart = out.substring(0,2);
  String secondpart = out.substring(2,4);
  return firstpart + word + secondpart;
}


public String firstHalf(String str) {
  return str.substring(0, str.length()/2);
}


public String nonStart(String a, String b) {
  return a.substring(1) + b.substring(1);
}


public String theEnd(String str, boolean front) {
  if (front)
    return str.substring(0,1);
  else
    return str.substring(str.length()-1);
}


public boolean endsLy(String str) {
  int len = str.length();
  if (len < 2) 
    return false;
  return "ly".equals(str.substring(len-2));
}


public String middleThree(String str) {
  int mid = str.length() / 2;
  return str.substring(mid-1, mid+2);
}


public String lastChars(String a, String b) {
  if (a.length() == 0)
    a = "@";
  if (b.length() == 0)
    b = "@";
  return a.substring(0,1) + b.substring(b.length()-1);
}


public String seeColor(String str) {

  if (str.length() >= 3 && "red".equals(str.substring(0,3)))
    return "red";
  else if (str.length() >= 4 && "blue".equals(str.substring(0,4)))
    return "blue";
  else
    return "";
}


public String extraFront(String str) {
  if (str.length() > 2) {
    str = str.substring(0, 2);
  }
  return str + str + str;
}


public String startWord(String str, String word) {
  if (word.length() > str.length())
    return "";

  if (str.substring(1, word.length()).equals(word.substring(1)))
    return str.substring(0, word.length());
  else 
    return "";
}